Tomatoes with a Lettuce Understory

Lettuce keeps cropping in the light shade under tomatoes — the understory that stops summer bolting.

Bed 120 × 200 cmMedium

Season timeline

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
  • Start the tomatoes
  • Plant out the tomatoes
  • Sow lettuce between the rows
  • Harvest the first lettuce
  • Resow lettuce into the shade
  • Harvest tomatoes
  • Harvest the summer lettuce
  • Clear the bed

Bed layout

Tomato50 cmTomato50 cmGarden lettuce25 cmTomato50 cmTomato50 cmGarden lettuce25 cm

Crops in this bed

Step by step

  1. Start the tomatoesMar–Apr

    Sow tomatoes in pots on a warm windowsill.

  2. Plant out the tomatoesMay

    After the last frost, plant the tomatoes in two rows and stake them.

  3. Sow lettuce between the rowsMay

    Sow the first lettuce into the strip between the young tomatoes.

  4. Harvest the first lettuceJun–Jul

    Cut the spring heads before the summer heat peaks.

  5. Resow lettuce into the shadeJul

    Sow a second batch under the tomato canopy where the light shade keeps it from bolting.

  6. Harvest tomatoesJul–Oct

    Pick tomatoes as they ripen; regular picking pushes new fruit.

  7. Harvest the summer lettuceAug–Sep

    Cut the shaded summer heads; they stay crisp under the foliage.

  8. Clear the bedOct

    Remove the spent plants before hard frosts and compost healthy foliage.

Harvest calendar

CropJanFebMarAprMayJunJulAugSepOctNovDec
Tomato
Tomato: Jul
Tomato: Aug
Tomato: Sep
Tomato: Oct
Garden lettuce
Garden lettuce: Jun
Garden lettuce: Jul
Garden lettuce: Aug
Garden lettuce: Sep

The bed over the season

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
  • Tomato · Sowing
  • Tomato · Growing
  • Tomato · Harvest
  • Garden lettuce · Sowing
  • Garden lettuce · Harvest
  • Garden lettuce · Harvest

Why this combination works

Unlike a pre-crop, this lettuce stays all season: the tomato foliage casts exactly the light shade that keeps summer lettuce from bolting, while the lettuce acts as a living mulch over the tomato roots. The two also root at different depths, so they share water rather than compete for it.

Tips

Remove the lowest tomato leaves so the lettuce gets air. Water in the morning at the base of both crops. Choose a heat-tolerant summer lettuce for the July sowing. Never plant the lettuce right at the tomato stems — keep a hand's width of space.